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ABSTRACT
Background
The purpose of our research was to recommend the initial tacrolimus dosage for Chinese pediatric patients undergoing kidney transplantation based on population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics. 相似文献 目的:调查上海市社区中老年人膝骨关节炎(KOA)的中医证型分布情况和规律。 方法:自2016年7月1日至2018年9月1日期间,抽取上海市9个市辖区中33个街道社区的中老年KOA患者,采用KOA中医证候调查表,对患者进行一般资料、病程、膝关节局部症状、全身症状、舌脉象及膝关节X线表现的调查,并由专业中医骨伤科医师进行中医证型判定及统计分析,并与年龄、性别、病程及X线分级进行相关性分析。 结果:①本研究最终纳入KOA患者1 990例,其中男性484例,女性1 506例;年龄45~85岁,平均(66.0±5.8)岁;病程1~480个月,中位病程24个月;寒湿痹阻证702例,肝肾亏虚证542例,痰瘀痹阻证406例,气血两虚证244例,湿热阻络证96例;X线分级为0级62例,Ⅰ级265例,Ⅱ级628例,Ⅲ级666例,Ⅳ级369例。②KOA证型与性别存在一定相关性(χ2=118.8,P<0.001),但关联性较弱(C=0.237);其中寒湿痹阻证、气血两虚证患者中女性居多,湿热阻络证患者男性更多,痰瘀痹阻证、肝肾亏虚证患者男女比例相当。③KOA证型与年龄存在一定的相关性(χ2=361.3,P<0.001),但关联性弱(C=0.392)。寒湿痹阻证、痰瘀痹阻证患者年龄多分布在55~75岁;湿热阻络证多分布在65岁以下;肝肾亏虚证、气血两虚证患者多分布在55岁以上。④KOA证型与病程存在一定的相关性(χ2=190.7,P<0.001),但关联性较弱(C=0.296)。湿热阻络证病程多在6个月以内,寒湿痹阻证、痰瘀痹阻证病程多在7个月以上,肝肾亏虚证和气血两虚证病程多在24个月以上。⑤KOA证型与X线分级存在一定的相关性(χ2=544.1,P<0.001),但关联性弱(C=0.463)。寒湿痹阻证X线分级多属Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级,湿热阻络证X线分级多属Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级,肝肾亏虚证、痰瘀痹阻证X线分级多属Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级,气血两虚证X线分级多属Ⅱ级以上。 结论:上海市社区中老年人KOA的中医证型分布由高到低依次为寒湿痹阻证、肝肾亏虚证、痰瘀痹阻证、气血两虚证、湿热阻络证;并且KOA证型分布与性别、年龄、病程及X线分级均存在一定的相关性,但总体关联性较弱,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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Ashley V. Hill Natacha M. De Genna Maria J. Perez-Patron Tamika D. Gilreath Carmen Tekwe Brandie DePaoli Taylor 《The Journal of adolescent health》2019,64(3):319-326
Purpose
Syndemic theory suggests that the convergence of social, environmental, and ecological factors can interact to exacerbate behavioral health problems and are often intensified by social conditions and disparities. This study used latent class analysis (LCA) to determine gender and racial/ethnic specific classes for sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk.Methods
LCA included 18 measured socioeconomic, depression, substance use, and sexual behavioral variables from 1,664 young adults ages 18–25 in the NHANES. Models were stratified by gender and then by race/ethnicity. Logistic regression determined associations between latent class membership and testing positive for one or more STIs (Chlamydia trachomatis, HIV or herpes simplex virus-II). For each stratified analysis, classes with the lowest probability of reported risk factors in the LCA were the reference groups.Results
Class 3 in females (highest probability of reporting both socioeconomic and behavioral factors) and class 3 in males (majority behavioral factors) had increased odds of STI (females: OR?=?2.7, 95% CI 1.6–4.5; males: OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.3–4.6). By race for females, depression (highest in Hispanics), poverty, and less educated households (highest in blacks and Hispanics) were evident in classes associated with STI. Class 1 black males (majority behavioral factors) had a higher odds of STI compared with low risk white males (OR?=?16.4 95% CI 3.7–72.0) However, no other associations were observed among males.Conclusions
Risk patterns for STI differed by gender and race/ethnicity. Consistent with syndemic theory, effective STI interventions need to address socioeconomic factors and mental health rather than individual behaviors, particularly for minority women. 相似文献29.
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《Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR》2022,33(10):1143-1150
PurposeTo report the 5-year results from the Pivotal Multicenter Trial of Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Arteriovenous Fistula (pAVF) Creation for Hemodialysis Access.Materials and MethodsThe retrospective review of 107 intent-to-treat (ITT) patients from the pivotal trial provided a long-term follow-up population (LTP) of 85 patients with a median follow-up duration of 50 months (range, 12–60 months). Data evaluated in the LTP group were fistula maturation and usage, secondary procedures, and complications. The Kaplan-Meier analysis of primary patency, assisted primary patency, cumulative patency, and functional patency (time from 2-needle cannulation to abandonment) were performed for the ITT population.ResultsIn the LTP, 99% (84 of 85) of fistulae were mature, with 99% (78 of 79) of patients requiring hemodialysis using their pAVF. Sustained fistula use (2-needle cannulation at the prescribed rate, 2 of 3 sessions) was achieved in 92% (78 of 85) of patients, with 7 patients not using their pAVF because they were not on dialysis (n = 4), were on peritoneal dialysis (n = 2), and refused to use fistula (n = 1). Fistula maintenance was required in 31.8% (27 of 85) of patients and included fistula dysfunction (21.2%), thrombosis (5.9%), cannulation injury (12.9%), and arm swelling (4.7%). The number of procedures performed per patient per year to maintain function and patency was 0.32 (91 of 288) for years 2–5. The cumulative patency rates were 89.5%, 88.4%, 88.4%, 85.6%, and 82.0% for years 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. The functional patency was 91.8% at the end of the study. There were no major complications related to pAVF during the long-term follow-up.ConclusionsPercutaneous fistulae have provided clinically effective and durable access for hemodialysis with low complications. The continued use and evaluation of pAVF are warranted. 相似文献